Features of the formation of mycobiota of coal mine spoil tips at high latitudes based on metagenomic data

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Abstract

The study examines the features of the formation of mycobiota in coal mine spoil tips of different ages using metagenomic data. The purpose is to explore the dynamics of fungi complexes during the succession process in the arctic tundra, southern tundra, and forest-tundra. Samples were taken from coal mine spoil tips in Barentsburg (Svalbard), Vorkuta (Komi Republic), and Susuman (Magadan Region). The results show that the diversity of fungi is mainly represented by Ascomycota. A high proportion of Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Agaricomycetes, and Sordariomycetes was found in the chronoseries of the spoil tips. At the genus level, 58 taxa were identified in the Svalbard chronoseries, 59 taxa in the Komi chronoseries, and 65 taxa in the Magadan Region chronoseries. The studies demonstrates that the fungal communities in coal mine spoil tips are diverse and change depending on the age of the tips and the natural zones of the Arctic. It has also been shown that communities of spoil tips within one chronoseries have greater similarities with each other than with communities of spoil tips in other natural zones.

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About the authors

V. A. Iliushin

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: ilva94@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg

I. Yu. Kirtsideli

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: microfungi@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 197022 St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Abundance of the classes of fungi in spoil tips and soils according to metagenomic analysis: 1, 6, 11 – forming tips; 2, 7, 12 – “young” tips; 3, 8, 13 – “middle-aged” tips; 4, 9, 14 – “old” tips; 5, 10, 15 – community in the studied intact zonal communities.

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3. Fig. 2. Analysis of microscopic fungi communities of coal mine spoil tips and soils using the principal component analysis method (PCA). The communities of rocks and soils of Spitsbergen are marked in green, those of the Komi Republic in red, and those of the Magadan Region in blue. The numbers show the age of the tips, f – forming tips, a. t. – arctic tundra, s. t. – southern tundra, f. t. – forest-tundra.

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